martes, 26 de enero de 2010
Irregular Plural Nouns.
Change the words in brackets into the plural.
1. Please put the ___________ (knife), forks and spoons on the table. "
2. The students in our class come from many ___________ (country) "
3. When I make a salad, I use lettuce and __________ (tomato)
4. Tom drinks eight __________ (glass) of water every day.
5. Mr Macwan has only one child and Mr Smith has three __________ (child) "
6. Good morning, (lady) _________ and (gentleman) _________"
7. We all have some problems in our ___________ (life).
8. Helen has an aquarium and has seven ___________ (fish)
9. I have a right foot and a left foot : I have 2 ___________ (foot)
10. Mr and Mrs Connelly have one girl and two ___________ (boy).
Choose the correct word.
1. The (glass / glasses) is full.
2. The (pencil / pencils) is short.
3. He is a (child /children).
4. The (men / man) is in the park.
5. His (tooth / teeth) are yellow.
6. The (women /woman) are in the shop.
7. The (mouse / mice) is in the hole.
8. I have an( apple / apples).
9. We are a (fireman /firemen).
10. I see two (box / boxes).
1. Please put the ___________ (knife), forks and spoons on the table. "
2. The students in our class come from many ___________ (country) "
3. When I make a salad, I use lettuce and __________ (tomato)
4. Tom drinks eight __________ (glass) of water every day.
5. Mr Macwan has only one child and Mr Smith has three __________ (child) "
6. Good morning, (lady) _________ and (gentleman) _________"
7. We all have some problems in our ___________ (life).
8. Helen has an aquarium and has seven ___________ (fish)
9. I have a right foot and a left foot : I have 2 ___________ (foot)
10. Mr and Mrs Connelly have one girl and two ___________ (boy).
Choose the correct word.
1. The (glass / glasses) is full.
2. The (pencil / pencils) is short.
3. He is a (child /children).
4. The (men / man) is in the park.
5. His (tooth / teeth) are yellow.
6. The (women /woman) are in the shop.
7. The (mouse / mice) is in the hole.
8. I have an( apple / apples).
9. We are a (fireman /firemen).
10. I see two (box / boxes).
Irregular Plural Nouns.
Fill in each of the following blanks using the plural form of the noun.
1. one foot, two ________
2. a person, a couple of ________
3. a mouse, a few _________
4. one tooth, several _________
5. one man, two _________
6. one child, a group of _________
7. one woman, a lot of _________
8. one wolf, a pack of _________
9. one fish, two __________
10. a leaf, many __________
Find the plural nouns of these words.
1. foot = _________
2. wolf = _________
3. yourself = _________
4. person = _________
5. analysis = __________
6. goose = _________
7. echo = __________
8. fish = __________
9. octopus = __________
10. thief = __________
1. one foot, two ________
2. a person, a couple of ________
3. a mouse, a few _________
4. one tooth, several _________
5. one man, two _________
6. one child, a group of _________
7. one woman, a lot of _________
8. one wolf, a pack of _________
9. one fish, two __________
10. a leaf, many __________
Find the plural nouns of these words.
1. foot = _________
2. wolf = _________
3. yourself = _________
4. person = _________
5. analysis = __________
6. goose = _________
7. echo = __________
8. fish = __________
9. octopus = __________
10. thief = __________
Irregular Plural Nouns.
What is the correct PLURAL of the word?
How many (person / people) study English as a second language?
Five (woman / women) opened a computer services company.
Even (child / children) enjoy learning on the Internet.
Most basketball players are 6 (foot / feet) tall or more.
Which breed of (sheep / sheep) produces the finest wool?
My (tooth / teeth) are sensitive to the cold.
At daylight savings time, we have to change our (watch / watches).
The boys went fishing and caught 10 (fish / fish).
There are 10 (man / men) in the Maintenance Department.
The (wife / wives) keep their (knife / knives) on the (shelf / shelves).
How many (person / people) study English as a second language?
Five (woman / women) opened a computer services company.
Even (child / children) enjoy learning on the Internet.
Most basketball players are 6 (foot / feet) tall or more.
Which breed of (sheep / sheep) produces the finest wool?
My (tooth / teeth) are sensitive to the cold.
At daylight savings time, we have to change our (watch / watches).
The boys went fishing and caught 10 (fish / fish).
There are 10 (man / men) in the Maintenance Department.
The (wife / wives) keep their (knife / knives) on the (shelf / shelves).
Irregular Plural Nouns.
Put in the correct form of the plural of the given nouns.
Example: car - ___ Answer: car - cars
1) half - ________
2) kilo - _________
3) woman - _________
4) mouth - _________
5) foot - _________
6) sheep - _________
7) penny - __________
8) bus - _________
9) day - __________
10) fish - _________
Put in the correct form of the plural.
Example: wolf - ___Answer: wolves
1) ox - _________
2) roof - __________
3) potato - __________
4) party - __________
5) deer - __________
6) chief - __________
7) photo - __________
8) series - __________
9) wife - __________
10) brother-in-law - _________
Example: car - ___ Answer: car - cars
1) half - ________
2) kilo - _________
3) woman - _________
4) mouth - _________
5) foot - _________
6) sheep - _________
7) penny - __________
8) bus - _________
9) day - __________
10) fish - _________
Put in the correct form of the plural.
Example: wolf - ___Answer: wolves
1) ox - _________
2) roof - __________
3) potato - __________
4) party - __________
5) deer - __________
6) chief - __________
7) photo - __________
8) series - __________
9) wife - __________
10) brother-in-law - _________
Object Pronouns
Change the sentences using Object Pronouns. Translate.
Example: I like music. - I like it.
1. I believe Sam. - I believe ________.
________________________________________________
3. The teacher teaches the students. - He teaches _________ math.
________________________________________________
4. Carla calls David and I. She ________ calls .
________________________________________________
5. She is my favorite singer. - I really like _________.
________________________________________________
6. I like to talk to Tyler. - I like to talk to _________.
________________________________________________
7. They like sports. - They play _________ every day.
________________________________________________
8. The bookstore is next to the bank. - The bookstore is next to _________.
________________________________________________
9. Wow! I really like this scarf. - I want to buy _________.
________________________________________________
10. Dad wants to talk to you and Jenny. - He wants to talk to ________.
___________________________________________
Example: I like music. - I like it.
1. I believe Sam. - I believe ________.
________________________________________________
2. We study English. - We study _________ in the morning.________________________________________________
3. The teacher teaches the students. - He teaches _________ math.
________________________________________________
4. Carla calls David and I. She ________ calls .
________________________________________________
5. She is my favorite singer. - I really like _________.
________________________________________________
6. I like to talk to Tyler. - I like to talk to _________.
________________________________________________
7. They like sports. - They play _________ every day.
________________________________________________
8. The bookstore is next to the bank. - The bookstore is next to _________.
________________________________________________
9. Wow! I really like this scarf. - I want to buy _________.
________________________________________________
10. Dad wants to talk to you and Jenny. - He wants to talk to ________.
___________________________________________
Object Pronouns
Which object form of the personal pronoun can substitute the italized word in the sentence? Translate.
1) The teacher always gives the students homework.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
2) I am reading the book to my little sister.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
3) The boys are riding their bikes.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
4) My father is writing a letter to John.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
5) I don't know the answer.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
6) Sally is going to Anne's house.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
7) Open the window, please.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
8) Can you tell the people the way to the airport, please?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
9) The books are for Peter.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
10) Can you help my sister and me, please?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
1) The teacher always gives the students homework.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
2) I am reading the book to my little sister.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
3) The boys are riding their bikes.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
4) My father is writing a letter to John.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
5) I don't know the answer.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
6) Sally is going to Anne's house.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
7) Open the window, please.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
8) Can you tell the people the way to the airport, please?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
9) The books are for Peter.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
10) Can you help my sister and me, please?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Object Pronouns
Use Object Pronouns to answer the questions. Translate
1. a. How often does your father in law call you? (every weekend)
b. He calls me every weekend.
2. a. How often do you speak to your son? (every day)
b. _____________________________________________
1. a. How often does your father in law call you? (every weekend)
b. He calls me every weekend.
2. a. How often do you speak to your son? (every day)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
3. a. How often do you write to your God father? (every week)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
4. a. How often do you visit your grandparents? (twice a month)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
5. a. How often do you eat pizza? (once a month)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
6. a. How often does your grand mother call you? (every Saturday)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
7. a. How often do you visit your best friend? (every day)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
8. a. How often do you think about me? (all the time)
b. _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Object Pronouns
Change the Subject Pronoun and the Object Pronoun in the sentences.
1. The kids saw the movie three times.
They saw it three times.
2. Karla meet Thomas at the dance last weekend.
_____________________________________________________
3. Steve usually feeds the dogs in the back yard.
_____________________________________________________
4. The mailman left the package on the front porch.
_____________________________________________________
5. The neighbors drove Regan to the emergency hospital last night.
_____________________________________________________
6. Mike called Leslie for a date.
_____________________________________________________
7. Mr. & Mrs. Jacques congratulated the bride and groom after the wedding.
_____________________________________________________
8. The telephone woke the teacher up at 5:00 a.m. this morning.
_____________________________________________________
9. Theresa always washes the sweaters by hand.
_____________________________________________________
10. The marines are recruiting young men for over seas training.
_____________________________________________________
11. Henry is in-charge of the periscope on the submarine.
_____________________________________________________
12. The Queen Mary took Olympic athletes to Australia.
_____________________________________________________
13. The paramedics are taking Hilary to the Red Cross.
_____________________________________________________
14. Judge Judy sentenced Irving to 30 days in jail.
_____________________________________________________
15. The Police officer put the handcuffs on the suspect.
_____________________________________________________
16. Dr. Harris gave my brother four stitches on his eyebrow.
_____________________________________________________
1. The kids saw the movie three times.
They saw it three times.
2. Karla meet Thomas at the dance last weekend.
_____________________________________________________
3. Steve usually feeds the dogs in the back yard.
_____________________________________________________
4. The mailman left the package on the front porch.
_____________________________________________________
5. The neighbors drove Regan to the emergency hospital last night.
_____________________________________________________
6. Mike called Leslie for a date.
_____________________________________________________
7. Mr. & Mrs. Jacques congratulated the bride and groom after the wedding.
_____________________________________________________
8. The telephone woke the teacher up at 5:00 a.m. this morning.
_____________________________________________________
9. Theresa always washes the sweaters by hand.
_____________________________________________________
10. The marines are recruiting young men for over seas training.
_____________________________________________________
11. Henry is in-charge of the periscope on the submarine.
_____________________________________________________
12. The Queen Mary took Olympic athletes to Australia.
_____________________________________________________
13. The paramedics are taking Hilary to the Red Cross.
_____________________________________________________
14. Judge Judy sentenced Irving to 30 days in jail.
_____________________________________________________
15. The Police officer put the handcuffs on the suspect.
_____________________________________________________
16. Dr. Harris gave my brother four stitches on his eyebrow.
_____________________________________________________
How Many / How much = Grammar.
Look at these rules
We use "How many" for questions using countable or plural objects.
Example: How many books do you have?
We use "How much" for questions using a non-countable or singular object.
Example: How much does juice is left?
We use "How much" for questions asking about ONE object.
Example: How much does the book cost?
Most plurals are formed by adding "-s" to the noun or object Example: book + -s = books. Some of the more important exceptions include: man - men, child - children, person - people, woman - women
Countable and Uncountable Nouns -
How many ... ? How much ... ?
Complete the sentences with many or much.
1 How __________ fast food does McDonald's sell?
2 How __________ hours do you work?
3 How __________ big customers does your company have?
4 How __________ new equipment do we need?
5 How __________ factory space is there in Liverpool?
6 How __________ employees are you responsible for?
We use "How many" for questions using countable or plural objects.
Example: How many books do you have?
We use "How much" for questions using a non-countable or singular object.
Example: How much does juice is left?
We use "How much" for questions asking about ONE object.
Example: How much does the book cost?
Most plurals are formed by adding "-s" to the noun or object Example: book + -s = books. Some of the more important exceptions include: man - men, child - children, person - people, woman - women
Countable and Uncountable Nouns -
How many ... ? How much ... ?
Complete the sentences with many or much.
1 How __________ fast food does McDonald's sell?
2 How __________ hours do you work?
3 How __________ big customers does your company have?
4 How __________ new equipment do we need?
5 How __________ factory space is there in Liverpool?
6 How __________ employees are you responsible for?
How Many / How much?????
How much o How many.
1. __________ birds are there? There are two birds.
2. __________ money is there? There are three thousand dollars.
3. __________ dolphins are there? There are two dolphins.
4. __________ pencils are there? There are thirteen pencils.
5. __________ books are there? There are three books.
6. __________ milk is there? There are four litres of milk.
Asking questions for countable and uncountable objects
Complete the questions using much or many
How __________ money do you have?
How __________ people live in your city?
How __________ does that book cost?
How __________ rice is there?
How __________ apples are there in the basket?
How __________ petrol do we need?
How __________ children are in the class?
How __________ teachers do you have?
1. __________ birds are there? There are two birds.
2. __________ money is there? There are three thousand dollars.
3. __________ dolphins are there? There are two dolphins.
4. __________ pencils are there? There are thirteen pencils.
5. __________ books are there? There are three books.
6. __________ milk is there? There are four litres of milk.
Asking questions for countable and uncountable objects
Complete the questions using much or many
How __________ money do you have?
How __________ people live in your city?
How __________ does that book cost?
How __________ rice is there?
How __________ apples are there in the basket?
How __________ petrol do we need?
How __________ children are in the class?
How __________ teachers do you have?
lunes, 25 de enero de 2010
Much / many
What word do you need to complete the sentence? (many /much)??? Translate.
1. How ______ people are you expecting?
_________________________________________
2. How ______ money do you want for this?
_________________________________________
3. I don't see ______ point in continuing. We're all very tired.
_________________________________________
4. Thank you so ______ for your help.
_________________________________________
5. We don't stock these. We don't get ______ demand for them.
_________________________________________
6. I feel ______ better today, thank you.
_________________________________________
7. I like that dress very ______ .
_________________________________________
8. There are so ______ things I want to ask you.
_________________________________________
9. There are too ______ paintings to see in one visit.
_________________________________________
10. I'm talking too ______ . I'll be quiet.
_________________________________________
11. I've got so ______ news to tell you.
_________________________________________
12. Do you have ______ work to do?
_________________________________________
13. Thank you very ______ for coming.
_________________________________________
14. It looks good but so ______ things could still go wrong.
_________________________________________
15. I don't have ______ friends.
_________________________________________
16. Please be quick. I don't have ______ time to spare.
_________________________________________
17. It's been a poor summer. We haven't had ______ good weather.
_________________________________________
18. There haven't been ______ sunny days.
_________________________________________
19. Happy birthday. ______ happy returns!
_________________________________________
20. I don't know ______ about English but I am learning fast.
_________________________________________
1. How ______ people are you expecting?
_________________________________________
2. How ______ money do you want for this?
_________________________________________
3. I don't see ______ point in continuing. We're all very tired.
_________________________________________
4. Thank you so ______ for your help.
_________________________________________
5. We don't stock these. We don't get ______ demand for them.
_________________________________________
6. I feel ______ better today, thank you.
_________________________________________
7. I like that dress very ______ .
_________________________________________
8. There are so ______ things I want to ask you.
_________________________________________
9. There are too ______ paintings to see in one visit.
_________________________________________
10. I'm talking too ______ . I'll be quiet.
_________________________________________
11. I've got so ______ news to tell you.
_________________________________________
12. Do you have ______ work to do?
_________________________________________
13. Thank you very ______ for coming.
_________________________________________
14. It looks good but so ______ things could still go wrong.
_________________________________________
15. I don't have ______ friends.
_________________________________________
16. Please be quick. I don't have ______ time to spare.
_________________________________________
17. It's been a poor summer. We haven't had ______ good weather.
_________________________________________
18. There haven't been ______ sunny days.
_________________________________________
19. Happy birthday. ______ happy returns!
_________________________________________
20. I don't know ______ about English but I am learning fast.
_________________________________________
Many / Much = Little / Few
Having Dinner. Would you like…?
1. a. Would you care for some more cake?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My doctor says I eat too
(much / many) cake.
2. a. Would you care for some French fries?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My mother says I eat too
(much / many) French fries.
3. a. Would you care for some Root beer?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My dentist says I drink too
(much / many) Root beer.
4. a. Would you care for some waffles?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My uncle says I eat too
(much / many) waffles.
5. a. Would you care for some wine?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My nutritionist says I drink
too (much / many) wine.
6. a. Would you care for some lasagna?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My cousin says I eat too
(much / many) lasagna.
7. a. Would you care for some _______________?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My _______________ says
I eat too (much / many) ___________________.
1. a. Would you care for some more cake?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My doctor says I eat too
(much / many) cake.
2. a. Would you care for some French fries?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My mother says I eat too
(much / many) French fries.
3. a. Would you care for some Root beer?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My dentist says I drink too
(much / many) Root beer.
4. a. Would you care for some waffles?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My uncle says I eat too
(much / many) waffles.
5. a. Would you care for some wine?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My nutritionist says I drink
too (much / many) wine.
6. a. Would you care for some lasagna?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My cousin says I eat too
(much / many) lasagna.
7. a. Would you care for some _______________?
b. Yes, please. But just a (little / few). My _______________ says
I eat too (much / many) ___________________.
Quantifiers = some or any?
Choose the correct answer.
1) We need (some / any) bananas.
2) You can't buy (some / any) posters in this shop.
3) We haven't got (some / any) oranges at the moment.
4) Peter has bought (some / any) new books.
5) She always takes (some / any) sugar with her coffee.
6) I have seen (some / any) nice postcards in this souvenir shop.
7) There aren't (some / any) folders in my bag.
8) I have (some / any) magazines for you.
9) There are (some / any) apples on the table.
10) Pam does not have (some / any) pencils on her desk.
Choose the correct answer.
1) Have you got (some / any) tomatoes?
2) There are (some / any) exercise books on the floor.
3) Did you get the ketchup? No, they hadn't got (some / any).
4) You should eat (some / any) fresh fruit.
5) Is there (some / any) lemonade left?
6) They didn't sing (some / any) songs.
7) Here are (some / any) cornflakes, but there isn't some any milk.
8) I'm looking for (some /any) good music.
1) We need (some / any) bananas.
2) You can't buy (some / any) posters in this shop.
3) We haven't got (some / any) oranges at the moment.
4) Peter has bought (some / any) new books.
5) She always takes (some / any) sugar with her coffee.
6) I have seen (some / any) nice postcards in this souvenir shop.
7) There aren't (some / any) folders in my bag.
8) I have (some / any) magazines for you.
9) There are (some / any) apples on the table.
10) Pam does not have (some / any) pencils on her desk.
Choose the correct answer.
1) Have you got (some / any) tomatoes?
2) There are (some / any) exercise books on the floor.
3) Did you get the ketchup? No, they hadn't got (some / any).
4) You should eat (some / any) fresh fruit.
5) Is there (some / any) lemonade left?
6) They didn't sing (some / any) songs.
7) Here are (some / any) cornflakes, but there isn't some any milk.
8) I'm looking for (some /any) good music.
Quantifiers = much or many?
Choose the correct answer.
1) (much / many) pupils
2) (much / many) time
3) (much / many) money
4) (much / many) dollars
5) (much / many) milk
6) (much / many) children
7) (much / many) water
8) (much / many) fun
9) (much / many) dogs
10) (much / many) people
1) (much / many) pupils
2) (much / many) time
3) (much / many) money
4) (much / many) dollars
5) (much / many) milk
6) (much / many) children
7) (much / many) water
8) (much / many) fun
9) (much / many) dogs
10) (much / many) people
Choose the correct answer.
2) (much / many) music
3) (much / many) cups
4) (much / many) juice
5) (much / many) time
6) (much / many) pencils
7) (much / many) cheese
8) (much / many) cornflakes
9) (much / many) pizzas
10) (much / many) lemonade
Quantifiers
In the following sentences, fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers:
much, many, lots of, a lot of, little, most, a little, little, a few, few
1. It seems to me that we've had __________ assignments in English this term.
2. How __________ material can we be expected to read in one week?
3. __________ books are not in the library.
4. I've had _________ headaches already because of stress.
5. __________ depression can be attributed to being overworked.
6. Our yard looks awful this summer. There are too _________ weeds.
7. I didn't use _________ fertilizer last spring, and that has made a difference.
8. Also, I've paid _________ attention to how rain we've had.
9. I'm afraid it's rained _________ times this summer, and the grass is turning brown and dying.
10. __________ experts say you should fertilize your lawn in the fall.
11. It didn't seem to do my lawn _________ good.
12. __________ advice you get from experts doesn't seem to help.
13. __________ of my neighbors ignore their grass, and they have better lawns this year.
14. They say __________ knowledge is a bad thing.
15. I know ___________ instances where that proves true.
16. __________ people know as much about computers as Tomas does.
17. But it does him __________ good when the whole system goes
much, many, lots of, a lot of, little, most, a little, little, a few, few
1. It seems to me that we've had __________ assignments in English this term.
2. How __________ material can we be expected to read in one week?
3. __________ books are not in the library.
4. I've had _________ headaches already because of stress.
5. __________ depression can be attributed to being overworked.
6. Our yard looks awful this summer. There are too _________ weeds.
7. I didn't use _________ fertilizer last spring, and that has made a difference.
8. Also, I've paid _________ attention to how rain we've had.
9. I'm afraid it's rained _________ times this summer, and the grass is turning brown and dying.
10. __________ experts say you should fertilize your lawn in the fall.
11. It didn't seem to do my lawn _________ good.
12. __________ advice you get from experts doesn't seem to help.
13. __________ of my neighbors ignore their grass, and they have better lawns this year.
14. They say __________ knowledge is a bad thing.
15. I know ___________ instances where that proves true.
16. __________ people know as much about computers as Tomas does.
17. But it does him __________ good when the whole system goes
Past Tense of "Be"
Underline the correct verb, and then change the sentence to a question.????Charles Darwin
1) Charles Darwin [was / were] born on February 12, 1809.
____________________________________?
2) He [was / were] a British naturalist who became famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection.
____________________________________________?
3) In South America, Darwin found that fossils of extinct animals [was / were] similar to modern species.
____________________________________________?
4) Many people [was / were] strongly opposed to the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religious beliefs.
____________________________________________?
5) Throughout his life, Darwin [was / were] a reserved, thorough, hard working scholar.
____________________________________________?
Albert Einstein
6) When Albert Einstein [was / were] young, his parents worried about him.
____________________________?
7) Einstein's parents [was / were] concerned that Albert was "slow."
____________________________?
8) Albert [was / were] a terrible student who didn't want to attend classes regularly and take exams.
____________________________________________?
9) Einstein's best-known work, the theory of relativity, [was / were] published in 1905.
____________________________________________?
10) Unfortunately, the theory of relativity [was / were] used to create the atomic bomb.
____________________________________________?
Past Tense of "Be"
BEFORE AND NOW.Choose the correct adjective from the chart.
1. Before I painted my room, it was ugly. Now it’s beautiful.
2. Before I worked at Mel’s diner,
I ________ thin.
Now ______________________________________.
3. Last week the weather ________ warm. Now _________
4. Before Maxine met her husband she ________ very sad.
Now ___________________________________________
5. When our children ________ young, they ________ always noisy.
Now ___________________________________________.
6. Before we had dinner, we ________ hungry.
Now ___________________________________________.
7. When I _________ young, coffee _______ cheap.
Now ________________ very ______________________.
8. Before Jack worked in a garage, his clothes ________ always clean.
Now ___________________________________________.
9. Before we got married, you _______ energetic.
Now _________________ always ____________________.
Past Tense of "Be"
A TERRIBLE MORNING. was - were
I (1) ___________ very depressed last Monday. The weather (2)
___________ terrible. It (3) ____________ cold and foggy. And my roof (4)
_____________ leaking. My husband (5) ______________ sick, and our
doctor (6) ____________ out of town. The neighbors (7) ______________
angry because my children (8) _______________ noisy. They (9) _________
playing on the porch, basket ball.
The house (10) _______________ dirty. There 11) ______________
dirty dishes in the sink. My children’s clothes (12) _______________ on
the floor in their bedroom, they (13) ___________ soaking wet because our
roof (14) ______________ leaking, and our refrigerator, (15) _____________
broken. I (16) ______________ very tired and hungry all morning.
A BEAUTIFUL MORNING. was - were
I (1) _______________ very happy yesterday morning. The weather
(2) ______________ beautiful. It (3) _______________ warm and sunny.
There (4) ______________ flowers in the garden. There (5) _____________
a bird at the window. My children (6) _______________ at school, and my
husband and I (7) ________________ on vacation.
I (1) ___________ very depressed last Monday. The weather (2)
___________ terrible. It (3) ____________ cold and foggy. And my roof (4)
_____________ leaking. My husband (5) ______________ sick, and our
doctor (6) ____________ out of town. The neighbors (7) ______________
angry because my children (8) _______________ noisy. They (9) _________
playing on the porch, basket ball.
The house (10) _______________ dirty. There 11) ______________
dirty dishes in the sink. My children’s clothes (12) _______________ on
the floor in their bedroom, they (13) ___________ soaking wet because our
roof (14) ______________ leaking, and our refrigerator, (15) _____________
broken. I (16) ______________ very tired and hungry all morning.
A BEAUTIFUL MORNING. was - were
I (1) _______________ very happy yesterday morning. The weather
(2) ______________ beautiful. It (3) _______________ warm and sunny.
There (4) ______________ flowers in the garden. There (5) _____________
a bird at the window. My children (6) _______________ at school, and my
husband and I (7) ________________ on vacation.
Past Tense of "Be"
Change from the Present to the Past Tense.And then to the negative. “You are in a Zoo”.
1. Tom is repairing the ostriches’ old cage..
Tom was repairing the ostriches’ old cage.
________________________________
2. Mary and John are cleaning the salamander and iguana’s cages.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3. The boys are training the elephant.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4. Calvin is searching for rattlesnake and cobras for the Zoo’s exhibition.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
5. Penguins are living in the North Pole.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
6. Agatha is feeding the peacocks, the pheasants and the flamingos.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
7. The stork is making a new nest near the water.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
9. The sharks, stingrays, and eels are being moved to a larger tank.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
10. There is a new litter of baby tigers and lions at the children’s Zoo.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
11. The dolphin’s flipper is bleeding. (flipper = aleta)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
12. The chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, an the baboon are in quarantine.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
13. Grizzly, and black bears are not living in the same cage.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
14. Polar bears are in a special cage with a water tank installed in it.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
15. Hippopotamus and rhinoceros are not the favorite of tourists.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
16. Mrs. Giraffe is going to be a mama very soon.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
17. The high school students are near the raccoons and skunks’ den.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
domingo, 24 de enero de 2010
Past Continuous
FORM
[was/were + present participle]
Examples:
You were studying when she called.
Were you studying when she called?
You were not studying when she called.
In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.
El el Pasado Simple, un tiempo especifico es usado para demostrar cuando una accion comienza o termina. En el Pasado Continuo, un tiempo especifico solo interumpe la accion.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
(I started eating at 6 PM.)
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
(I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner)
When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it gives the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
Cuando usas el Pasado Continuo con dos acciones, en el mismo enunciado, eso da la idea de que ambas acciones, estaban pasando al mismo tiempo. Las acciones son paralelas.
Examples:
I was studying while he was making dinner.
While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
Were you listening while he was talking?
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
What were you doing while you were waiting?
Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
[was/were + present participle]
Examples:
You were studying when she called.
Were you studying when she called?
You were not studying when she called.
In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.
El el Pasado Simple, un tiempo especifico es usado para demostrar cuando una accion comienza o termina. En el Pasado Continuo, un tiempo especifico solo interumpe la accion.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
(I started eating at 6 PM.)
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
(I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner)
When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it gives the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
Cuando usas el Pasado Continuo con dos acciones, en el mismo enunciado, eso da la idea de que ambas acciones, estaban pasando al mismo tiempo. Las acciones son paralelas.
Examples:
I was studying while he was making dinner.
While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
Were you listening while he was talking?
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
What were you doing while you were waiting?
Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
Past Progressive Affirmative sentences.
Write the verb in the PAST CONTINUOUS, affirmative sentences. Translate.
1. Yesterday at twelve o'clock, they ... (SLEEP).
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. Yesterday at quarter past one, I ... (LISTEN) to music.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Yesterday at twenty-five to two, we ... (EAT) hamburgers.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. Yesterday at quarter to eight, they ... (SIT) in the park.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. Yesterday at half past eight, we ... (HAVE) a shower.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. Yesterday at eleven o'clock they ... (VISIT) a friend.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. Yesterday, at seven o'clock, we ... (DO) our homework.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. Yesterday at nine o'clock, he ... (REPAIR) a car.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. Yesterday at twenty-five to two, she ... (PLAY) the drums.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. Yesterday at six o'clock, you ... (WRITE).
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
1. Yesterday at twelve o'clock, they ... (SLEEP).
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. Yesterday at quarter past one, I ... (LISTEN) to music.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Yesterday at twenty-five to two, we ... (EAT) hamburgers.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. Yesterday at quarter to eight, they ... (SIT) in the park.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. Yesterday at half past eight, we ... (HAVE) a shower.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. Yesterday at eleven o'clock they ... (VISIT) a friend.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. Yesterday, at seven o'clock, we ... (DO) our homework.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. Yesterday at nine o'clock, he ... (REPAIR) a car.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. Yesterday at twenty-five to two, she ... (PLAY) the drums.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. Yesterday at six o'clock, you ... (WRITE).
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Present Progressive Affirmative Sentences.
Yesterday at 3 pm the following people were in the middle of an action.
Write positive sentences in past progressive. Translate.
1. you / play / cards
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. Alice / walk / around the lake
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Caron / listen / to the radio
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. we / read / a book about Australia
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. Linda / look for / her ring
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. Fiona and Sam / visit / the castle
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. Ben / wash / the car
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. Kim and I / wait / in the park
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. My sister / feed / the birds
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. Greg and Phil / count / their money
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Write positive sentences in past progressive. Translate.
1. you / play / cards
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. Alice / walk / around the lake
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Caron / listen / to the radio
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. we / read / a book about Australia
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. Linda / look for / her ring
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. Fiona and Sam / visit / the castle
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. Ben / wash / the car
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. Kim and I / wait / in the park
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. My sister / feed / the birds
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. Greg and Phil / count / their money
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Past Progressive Negative
Somebody believes that yesterday at 3 pm the following people were in the middle of an action.
That cannot be, however, as yesterday at 3 pm these people were not doing those things.
Write negative sentences in past progressive.
1. Sarah and Luke / not / work
____________________________________________
2. Mister Miller / not / teach / chemistry
____________________________________________
3. Barry / not / drive / a lorry
____________________________________________
4. Mandy / not / have / lunch
____________________________________________
5. Luba / not / play / tennis
____________________________________________
6. Sylvia and Alex / not / cycle / home
____________________________________________
7. Annie / not / clean / the table
____________________________________________
8. Benjamin / not / write / an e-mail
____________________________________________
9. Jane / not / exercise / in the gym
____________________________________________
10. Robert / not / buy / flowers
____________________________________________
That cannot be, however, as yesterday at 3 pm these people were not doing those things.
Write negative sentences in past progressive.
1. Sarah and Luke / not / work
____________________________________________
2. Mister Miller / not / teach / chemistry
____________________________________________
3. Barry / not / drive / a lorry
____________________________________________
4. Mandy / not / have / lunch
____________________________________________
5. Luba / not / play / tennis
____________________________________________
6. Sylvia and Alex / not / cycle / home
____________________________________________
7. Annie / not / clean / the table
____________________________________________
8. Benjamin / not / write / an e-mail
____________________________________________
9. Jane / not / exercise / in the gym
____________________________________________
10. Robert / not / buy / flowers
____________________________________________
Past Progressive Negatives.
Change the sentences below to form the negative.e.g. = He __________ (go) to the party.
He wasn't going to the party.
1.Harry _________ __________ (watch) TV at 8 pm last night. He was studying.
2.Jill ________ ____________(wear) her uniform at work yesterday.
3.They _________ ___________ (cook) dinner when I arrived.
4.We ________ __________ (carry) an umbrella when it started to rain.
5.She ________ __________ (listen) to her teacher when he asked a question.
6.It ________ ___________ (rain) while we were playing tennis this morning.
7.Greg ________ _________ (study) when we went to his place.
8.You _________ ___________ (play) cards when he rang.
9.They __________ __________ (have) a good time at the party when they decided to go home.
10.Anna _________ ___________ (eat) dinner when we arrived.
Past Progressive - Negatives
Put in the verbs in brackets into the gap and form negative sentences. You can use long or short (contracted) forms of the auxiliary. Translate.Example: Maggie ____ volleyball. (not/to play)
Answer: Maggie was not playing volleyball. or Maggie wasn't playing volleyball.
1) She a cheeseburger. (not/to eat)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
2) They pictures. (not/to paint)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
3) The teacher the window. (not/to open)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
4) Johnny his bike. (not/to ride)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
5) We on the computer. (not/to work)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
6) Doris the news on TV. (not/to watch)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
7) I the trumpet. (not/to practise)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
8) The friends songs. (not/to sing)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
9) Steve a cigarette. (not/to smoke)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
10) Sam and Liz at a poster. (not/to look)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Past Progressive Questions.
Complete each affirmative sentence with the Present Continuous tense, and then change the sentence to a QUESTION.e.g. It is raining today. (rain) = Is it raining?
1. I __________ _________________ the bricks for the chimney.
(set)
_________________________________________________?
2. The engineers __________ _______________ the Blue Prints.
(read)
_________________________________________________?
3. The flat bed __________ _______________ up rafters.
(pick)
_________________________________________________?
4. The plumber __________ _______________ the pipes.
(install)
_________________________________________________?
5. Mr. Parker’s son __________ _______________ the new foundation.
(start)
_________________________________________________?
6. They ___________ _______________ the wheelbarrow.
(push)
_________________________________________________?
7. He ___________ _______________ too much power in the company.
(use)
_________________________________________________?
8.- Marcus ___________ ________________ on the roof.
(work)
_________________________________________________?
Past Progressive Questions.
Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps.
Use the Past Progressive. Translate.
Example: ______________ a book? (she/to read)
Answer: Was she reading a book?
1) the museum? (she/to visit)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
2) with a pencil? (you/to write)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
3) comics? (the boys/to read)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
4) questions? (Kimberly/to ask)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
5) photos? (Helen and Anne/to take)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
6) a lot of noise? (your brother/to make)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
7) the classroom? (the teacher/to leave)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
8) text messages? (the girls/to send)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
9) under the tree? (the dog/to sit)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
10) at pictures? (they/to look)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Use the Past Progressive. Translate.
Example: ______________ a book? (she/to read)
Answer: Was she reading a book?
1) the museum? (she/to visit)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
2) with a pencil? (you/to write)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
3) comics? (the boys/to read)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
4) questions? (Kimberly/to ask)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
5) photos? (Helen and Anne/to take)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
6) a lot of noise? (your brother/to make)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
7) the classroom? (the teacher/to leave)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
8) text messages? (the girls/to send)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
9) under the tree? (the dog/to sit)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
10) at pictures? (they/to look)
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Past Progressive Tense.
Put the verbs into the correct form (past progressive). Translate
1. When I phoned my friends, they ______ ___________ (play) monopoly.
______________________________________________
2. Yesterday at six I _______ __________(prepare) dinner.
______________________________________________
3. The kids ______ __________ (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.
______________________________________________
4. I ______ _________ (practise) the guitar when he came home.
______________________________________________
5. We _______ __________ (not / cycle) all day.
______________________________________________
6. While Aaron ______ ___________ (work) in his room, his friends
_______ __________(swim) in the pool.
_______________________________________________
7. I tried to tell them the truth but they _______ ___________ (listen / not).
_______________________________________________
8. What ________ ___________ (you / do) yesterday?
9. Most of the time we ________ ____________ (sit) in the park.
_______________________________________________
1. When I phoned my friends, they ______ ___________ (play) monopoly.
______________________________________________
2. Yesterday at six I _______ __________(prepare) dinner.
______________________________________________
3. The kids ______ __________ (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.
______________________________________________
4. I ______ _________ (practise) the guitar when he came home.
______________________________________________
5. We _______ __________ (not / cycle) all day.
______________________________________________
6. While Aaron ______ ___________ (work) in his room, his friends
_______ __________(swim) in the pool.
_______________________________________________
7. I tried to tell them the truth but they _______ ___________ (listen / not).
_______________________________________________
8. What ________ ___________ (you / do) yesterday?
9. Most of the time we ________ ____________ (sit) in the park.
_______________________________________________
-ED Sounds
Rule 1
When the root form of a verb ends in a t or d sound, the -ed makes a different sound. We hear / id /
Rule 3.
-ed sounds like d in all other regular verbs.
When the root form of a verb ends in a t or d sound, the -ed makes a different sound. We hear / id /
Rule 2.
-ed sounds like t when the root form of the verb ends in the sounds: p, = k, = f, = x, = ss, = sh, = ch.
Rule 3.-ed sounds like d in all other regular verbs.
-ED grammar rules.
1. We use the (-ed form) of the verbs in the past tense.1. Usamos la (forma -ed) de los verbos en el tiempo pasado.
2. –ed shows past tense.
2. -ed indica tiempo pasado.
THE CONSONANT “Y” RULE.
LA REGLA DE LA CONSONANTE e "Y"
When a regular verb ends in a consonant letter and “Y” we change the “Y” to “i” and add -ed.
Cuando un verbo termina en una letra consonante e "Y" cambiamos la "Y" por "i" y agregamos --ED.
copy – copied ***** study - studied ***** carry - carried
When there is one vowel and one consonant, double the consonant and add -ED.
Except verbs ending in (“W” and “Y”).
Tap = Tapped * Commit = Committed * Permit = Permitted * Trap = Trapped
Cuando hay una vocal y una consonante, dobla la consonante y agrega –EDExcepto los verbos que terminan en (“W” e “Y”).
sábado, 23 de enero de 2010
Regular Past Tense.
Choose the correct verb.
1. Yesterday my father (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) the Xmas tree.
2. We (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) Dover Castle in 2004.
3. Daisy (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) the violin at the concert last Saturday.
4. This morning Lily's horse (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) very high.
5. Mr Cuckoo (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) all the children : they went to the restaurant !
6. Yesterday I went to the dentist's : I (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) a lot !
7. They (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) their homework very late in the evening.
8. He (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) as a policeman a long time ago.
9. We (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) in Germany from 2000 to 2002.
10. All the pupils (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) judo last year.
11. We (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) to a very beautiful song this morning.
12. I (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) to go to the cinema with my friends last Sunday.
13. You (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) him very stupid questions this morning !
14. The train (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) thirty minutes ago.
15. They (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) : ' Help ! Help ! '
1. Yesterday my father (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) the Xmas tree.
2. We (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) Dover Castle in 2004.
3. Daisy (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) the violin at the concert last Saturday.
4. This morning Lily's horse (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) very high.
5. Mr Cuckoo (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) all the children : they went to the restaurant !
6. Yesterday I went to the dentist's : I (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) a lot !
7. They (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) their homework very late in the evening.
8. He (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) as a policeman a long time ago.
9. We (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) in Germany from 2000 to 2002.
10. All the pupils (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) judo last year.
11. We (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) to a very beautiful song this morning.
12. I (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) to go to the cinema with my friends last Sunday.
13. You (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) him very stupid questions this morning !
14. The train (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) thirty minutes ago.
15. They (arrived / asked / cried / decorated / finished / invited / jumped / listened / lived / played / practised / shouted / visited / wanted / worked) : ' Help ! Help ! '
Regular Past Tense
Put the verb in brackets in the correct simple past form.
My grandfather had a very exciting life. When he was young, he _________ (live) on a farm in the country.
His parents __________ (raise) cattle, and he _________ (look) after the cows.
When he was eighteen, he went to university, where he __________ (study) Philosophy.
He also ___________ (play) the trumpet in a jazz band.
When the war started, he ____________ (try) to join the Air Force, but he __________(end) up in the Navy.
In the Atlantic, a German torpedo ___________ (rip) a hole in the side of his ship, and the ship sank.
Only five men ___________ (escape). They ____________ (sail) in a lifeboat back to England.
Then he met my grandmother, and they ___________ (marry) after only three weeks.
He says now that he ___________ (want) to marry her very quickly in case he
___________ (die) in the war.
My grandfather had a very exciting life. When he was young, he _________ (live) on a farm in the country.
His parents __________ (raise) cattle, and he _________ (look) after the cows.
When he was eighteen, he went to university, where he __________ (study) Philosophy.
He also ___________ (play) the trumpet in a jazz band.
When the war started, he ____________ (try) to join the Air Force, but he __________(end) up in the Navy.
In the Atlantic, a German torpedo ___________ (rip) a hole in the side of his ship, and the ship sank.
Only five men ___________ (escape). They ____________ (sail) in a lifeboat back to England.
Then he met my grandmother, and they ___________ (marry) after only three weeks.
He says now that he ___________ (want) to marry her very quickly in case he
___________ (die) in the war.
THE CONSONANT “Y” RULE.
Complete each sentence with the -ed form of the verb.
Use the “Y” rule and translate the sentences.
1. Tim (dry) the dishes after dinner.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. Samantha (try) on several pairs of shoes at the shoe store.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Ernesto (study) his notes carefully for Wednesday’s meeting.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. Bill’s cousin (apply) for admission to Princeton University.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. The men (carry) the crates to the new office.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. We (finish) the work yesterday.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. Frank (borrow) some money from his friend last night.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. Mr. Harris (explain) the procedure to us very carefully.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. I (like) that movie about President Kennedy’s life.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. This company (hire) five new workers last week.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
11. The clerk (count) the money two or three times.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
12. Mr. Bob Hope (describe) his trip to Correa on the Tonight Show.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Use the “Y” rule and translate the sentences.
1. Tim (dry) the dishes after dinner.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
2. Samantha (try) on several pairs of shoes at the shoe store.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Ernesto (study) his notes carefully for Wednesday’s meeting.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. Bill’s cousin (apply) for admission to Princeton University.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. The men (carry) the crates to the new office.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. We (finish) the work yesterday.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. Frank (borrow) some money from his friend last night.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. Mr. Harris (explain) the procedure to us very carefully.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. I (like) that movie about President Kennedy’s life.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. This company (hire) five new workers last week.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
11. The clerk (count) the money two or three times.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
12. Mr. Bob Hope (describe) his trip to Correa on the Tonight Show.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Regular Past Tense
Rewrite the affirmative sentences below. Translate them.
Complete each sentence with the –ed form of the verb.
1. Nancy (finish) the Balance Sheet.
Nancy finished the Balance Sheet.
___________________________________________
2. Bubba (wait) for the Stockholders all morning.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Vera Prieto (polish) the last details for the ISO 9001 – 2000.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. The customer (complain) about the poor service.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. The manager (look) for his Journal.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. The Bank (sign) the mortgage. (hipoteca)
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. They (call) the investors to an urgent meeting.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. They (mix) up the company’s raw materials.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. We (miss) the tour flight to Australia.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. Buck (attend) the Quality Managers meeting in Las Vegas.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
11. Brian (demand) the monthly payment for the new apartment.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
12. Shura (paint) the warehouse last week.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
13. Marcia (correct) the balance sheet.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Complete each sentence with the –ed form of the verb.
1. Nancy (finish) the Balance Sheet.
Nancy finished the Balance Sheet.
___________________________________________
2. Bubba (wait) for the Stockholders all morning.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Vera Prieto (polish) the last details for the ISO 9001 – 2000.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. The customer (complain) about the poor service.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. The manager (look) for his Journal.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
6. The Bank (sign) the mortgage. (hipoteca)
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
7. They (call) the investors to an urgent meeting.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
8. They (mix) up the company’s raw materials.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
9. We (miss) the tour flight to Australia.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
10. Buck (attend) the Quality Managers meeting in Las Vegas.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
11. Brian (demand) the monthly payment for the new apartment.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
12. Shura (paint) the warehouse last week.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
13. Marcia (correct) the balance sheet.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Tercer Parcial. Irregular verbs.
Tercer Parcial
Many verbs in English form their past tense with -ED, some do not. These are called irregular verbs, and they include some of the most basic verbs in English.
Muchos verbos en Ingles conjugan el pasado con -ED, pero algunos NO. A estos verbos se les llaman verbos IRREGULARES, e incluyen algunos de los verbos mas basicos del Idioma Ingles.
1. The three most important irregular verbs are BE, HAVE, and DO. The simple past forms for BE
are different depending on the subject.
1. Los tres verbos irregulares mas importantes son, BE, HAVE, y DO. Las formas del pasado simple del verbo BE son diferentes dependiendo del sujeto.
2. Other irregular verbs fall into three main categories:
2. Otros verbos irregulare se dividen en tres categorias.
Los verbos que NO cambian al conjugarse.
Los verbos que cambian una vocal.
Los verbos que cambian completamente.
Underline the correct Past Tense of the following verbs.
Subraya la conjugacion correcta del pasado de los siguientes verbos.
find
? find
? found
? fand
teach
? teached
? taught
? teach
get
? gought
? got
? get
catch
? catch
? caught
? catched
set
? sat
? sought
? set
bring
? brought
? brang
? bringed
drink
? drunk
? drink
? drank
have
? have
? had
? hove
cut
? caught
? cut
? cutted
fit
? fat
? fit
? fought
Many verbs in English form their past tense with -ED, some do not. These are called irregular verbs, and they include some of the most basic verbs in English.
Muchos verbos en Ingles conjugan el pasado con -ED, pero algunos NO. A estos verbos se les llaman verbos IRREGULARES, e incluyen algunos de los verbos mas basicos del Idioma Ingles.
1. The three most important irregular verbs are BE, HAVE, and DO. The simple past forms for BE
are different depending on the subject. 1. Los tres verbos irregulares mas importantes son, BE, HAVE, y DO. Las formas del pasado simple del verbo BE son diferentes dependiendo del sujeto.
2. Other irregular verbs fall into three main categories:
2. Otros verbos irregulare se dividen en tres categorias.
Los verbos que NO cambian al conjugarse.
Los verbos que cambian una vocal.
Los verbos que cambian completamente.
Underline the correct Past Tense of the following verbs.
Subraya la conjugacion correcta del pasado de los siguientes verbos.
find
? find
? found
? fand
teach
? teached
? taught
? teach
get
? gought
? got
? get
catch
? catch
? caught
? catched
set
? sat
? sought
? set
bring
? brought
? brang
? bringed
drink
? drunk
? drink
? drank
have
? have
? had
? hove
cut
? caught
? cut
? cutted
fit
? fat
? fit
? fought
Irregular verbs in the past tense.
Find the right answer.
1. Yesterday I (goed / went / god) to London.
2. Last week I (were / was / bed) at the sea-side
3. Last summer, I (swum / swams / wimmed) every morning.
4. Last month I (havd / haved / had) a beautiful surprise.
5. Last Monday, you (begun / begin / began) to learn English.
6. Yesterday night, the dog (sleeps / slept / sleeped) on the lawn.
7. He went mad and he (brokt / broke / broken) his plate.
8. As you were very thirsty, you (drunk / drank / drinkt) a lot.
9. For his birthday, I (given / gived / gave) her a jewel.
10. When I was a little boy , I (learned / lawn / learnt) reading.
1. Yesterday I (goed / went / god) to London.
2. Last week I (were / was / bed) at the sea-side
3. Last summer, I (swum / swams / wimmed) every morning.
4. Last month I (havd / haved / had) a beautiful surprise.
5. Last Monday, you (begun / begin / began) to learn English.
6. Yesterday night, the dog (sleeps / slept / sleeped) on the lawn.
7. He went mad and he (brokt / broke / broken) his plate.
8. As you were very thirsty, you (drunk / drank / drinkt) a lot.
9. For his birthday, I (given / gived / gave) her a jewel.
10. When I was a little boy , I (learned / lawn / learnt) reading.
Past Tense of Irregular verbs.
Emily Carr, British Columbia's most famous artist, __________ (be) born in 1871. Her parents __________ (die) when she was still a teenager. She __________ (study) art in San Francisco and Paris, but when she __________ (come) back to Victoria, she ___________(keep) a house called "The House of All Sorts", where she ___________(be) the landlady. Many years later, she ___________ (begin) painting again. To find subjects for her paintings, she ____________ (take) trips into the forests of British Columbia, and she often ____________ (meet) with the First Nations people and __________ (paint) them too. Emily Carr also ___________ (write) several books, and she __________ (win) the Governor General's Award for one of them.
Past Tense of Irregular verbs.
Test your knowledge of past simple irregular verbs.
Fill in the blanks. Do not use contractions!vocabulary: "bucks" is American slang for dollars so 20 bucks = 20 dollars.
Yesterday I __________ (do) not have much fun.
I __________ (go) for a bike ride around three in the afternoon.
Some guy ___________ (come) up behind me and __________ (say), "I bet you twenty bucks I can beat you in a race."
I __________ (say), "No way!" and we __________ (take) off.
I never __________ (see) the old lady crossing the street.
She ___________ (have) a cane and ___________ (be) really slow. When
I __________ (hit) her we both ___________ (go) flying.
I ___________ (fly) about ten feet and ___________ (land) on my face. The guy I was
racing ___________ (know) I was hurt, but he __________ (ask) me for the twenty bucks
anyway. I ___________ (tell) him to go call an ambulance but he kept saying, "I __________
(win); I __________ (win)." Finally, I ___________ (give) him the money and he
__________(go) and __________ (make) the call.
Fill in the blanks. Do not use contractions!vocabulary: "bucks" is American slang for dollars so 20 bucks = 20 dollars.
Yesterday I __________ (do) not have much fun.
I __________ (go) for a bike ride around three in the afternoon.
Some guy ___________ (come) up behind me and __________ (say), "I bet you twenty bucks I can beat you in a race."
I __________ (say), "No way!" and we __________ (take) off.
I never __________ (see) the old lady crossing the street.
She ___________ (have) a cane and ___________ (be) really slow. When
I __________ (hit) her we both ___________ (go) flying.
I ___________ (fly) about ten feet and ___________ (land) on my face. The guy I was
racing ___________ (know) I was hurt, but he __________ (ask) me for the twenty bucks
anyway. I ___________ (tell) him to go call an ambulance but he kept saying, "I __________
(win); I __________ (win)." Finally, I ___________ (give) him the money and he
__________(go) and __________ (make) the call.
Introduction of "DID"
Simple Past: Negatives and Questions
In the simple past tense, negative and question forms are made using the auxiliary verb "do" (in its past form, "did") followed by the simple form of the main verb. This page explains the rules.
1. Forming a negative
Negatives in the simple present are formed by adding didn't (informal) or did not (formal) before the simple form of the verb. The verb BE is an exception to this; in the case of BE, we just add n't (informal) or not (formal) after "was" or "were":
e.g. I have a car. = I didn't have a car.
2. Forming a yes/no question
Yes/no questions are also created using the auxiliary did. This time, the auxiliary is placed before the subject. The verb BE is an exception; in this case, we move BE before the subject. Here are the rules:
e.g. They had a party. = Did they have a party?
In the simple past tense, negative and question forms are made using the auxiliary verb "do" (in its past form, "did") followed by the simple form of the main verb. This page explains the rules.
1. Forming a negative
Negatives in the simple present are formed by adding didn't (informal) or did not (formal) before the simple form of the verb. The verb BE is an exception to this; in the case of BE, we just add n't (informal) or not (formal) after "was" or "were":
e.g. I have a car. = I didn't have a car.
2. Forming a yes/no question
Yes/no questions are also created using the auxiliary did. This time, the auxiliary is placed before the subject. The verb BE is an exception; in this case, we move BE before the subject. Here are the rules:
e.g. They had a party. = Did they have a party?
3. Forming a WH- question
WH- questions (using words such as "what", "when", and "where") are also created by putting the auxiliary did before the subject (or moving BE, as explained above). Then, you add the WH- word at the beginning. Here are some examples:
e.g. He lives in Mexicali. = Did he live in Mexicali? = Where did he live?
Simple Past: Yes/No Questions w/DID
Change each sentence into a yes/no question in the past tense
e.g: "John had red hair." becomes "Did John have red hair?". Translate
1. A raccoon ate Sally's lunch.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2. They talked about their homework.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
3. They were happy together.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
4. He played hockey every day.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
5. The soup was hot.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
e.g: "John had red hair." becomes "Did John have red hair?". Translate
1. A raccoon ate Sally's lunch.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2. They talked about their homework.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
3. They were happy together.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
4. He played hockey every day.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
5. The soup was hot.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
"DID" past tense
Ejercicios de Past simple (pasado simple) usando "DID" pero hay algunos que NO llevan "DID".
1._______to the cinema?
¿Fuiste al cine?
2. I________ to the cinema.
Yo no fui al cine
3. She_______TV.
Ella vio la televisión
4. I _______like his house.
No me gustó su casa
5._______in the party?
¿Bailó ella en la fiesta?
6. He_______his watch.
Él no encontró su reloj
7._______to Paris?
¿Vinieron ellos a París?
8._______her boyfriend?
¿Conociste a su novio?
9. We_______the news.
Nosotros no oímos las noticias
10._______a beer?
¿Bebió él una cerveza?
http://www.lavozchisme.com/news.php?nid=718
1._______to the cinema?
¿Fuiste al cine?
2. I________ to the cinema.
Yo no fui al cine
3. She_______TV.
Ella vio la televisión
4. I _______like his house.
No me gustó su casa
5._______in the party?
¿Bailó ella en la fiesta?
6. He_______his watch.
Él no encontró su reloj
7._______to Paris?
¿Vinieron ellos a París?
8._______her boyfriend?
¿Conociste a su novio?
9. We_______the news.
Nosotros no oímos las noticias
10._______a beer?
¿Bebió él una cerveza?
http://www.lavozchisme.com/news.php?nid=718
"DID" past tense
Elija la opción más adecuada para responder o terminar cada oración.
Did you study yesterday?
Yes, I have.
Yes, I did.
Have you ever been to London?
Yes, I was.
Yes, I have.
You have just made a cake,
haven't you?
didn't you?
What did you do last week?
I went to the cinema.
I have been to the cinema.
Did you watch TV last night?
Yes, I have.
Yes, I did.
Have you seen this programme before?
Yes, I did.
Yes, I have.
Has the plane landed?
Yes, it landed at 10.25.
Yes, it has landed at 10.25.
Has Richard washed his car?
No, he hasn't washed it for months.
No, he washed it yesterday.
Did you study yesterday?
Yes, I have.
Yes, I did.
Have you ever been to London?
Yes, I was.
Yes, I have.
You have just made a cake,
haven't you?
didn't you?
What did you do last week?
I went to the cinema.
I have been to the cinema.
Did you watch TV last night?
Yes, I have.
Yes, I did.
Have you seen this programme before?
Yes, I did.
Yes, I have.
Has the plane landed?
Yes, it landed at 10.25.
Yes, it has landed at 10.25.
Has Richard washed his car?
No, he hasn't washed it for months.
No, he washed it yesterday.
Used to...
Used to do or Be used to...
1
My mother used to _________ on Sundays. (cocinar)
2
Didn't you use to ________ ? (nadar)
3
I didn't use to watchwatching this much TV.
Click for answerwatch
4
You will used tobe used to noisy children soon.
Click for answerbe used to
5
Allison used to bebeing my best friend.
Click for answerbe
6
I used to smokesmoking 10 cigarettes a day.
Click for answersmoke
7
I was used to seeingsee sunshine in Hawaii.
Click for answerseeing
8
Are you used to eateating spicy food?
Click for answereating
9
My brother is used to get upgetting up early for school.
Click for answergetting up
10
Did you useused to eat meat?
1
My mother used to _________ on Sundays. (cocinar)
2
Didn't you use to ________ ? (nadar)
3
I didn't use to watchwatching this much TV.
Click for answerwatch
4
You will used tobe used to noisy children soon.
Click for answerbe used to
5
Allison used to bebeing my best friend.
Click for answerbe
6
I used to smokesmoking 10 cigarettes a day.
Click for answersmoke
7
I was used to seeingsee sunshine in Hawaii.
Click for answerseeing
8
Are you used to eateating spicy food?
Click for answereating
9
My brother is used to get upgetting up early for school.
Click for answergetting up
10
Did you useused to eat meat?
Used to...
EXERCISE – “USED TO”
Use “used to” plus a suitable verb to complete these sentences.
1. He _____ online to find the information he wanted. (ir)
He used to go online to find the information he wanted.
2. My sister _____ to school by bus but now she cycles. (ir)
3. I _____ thinner than my brother but now I am not. (ser / estar)
4. My father _____ many cigarettes a day. He gave up smoking last year. (fumar)
5. She _____ night after night for her degree in Economics. (estudiar)
6. They _____ football when they were younger. (jugar)
7. I _____ the world was flat but now I realize it’s not true. (pensar / creer)
8. That building is now a cinema. It _____ a hotel. (ser / estar)
9. When you lived near that shopping centre, _____ you _____ there very often? (pasado de do /+ ir)
10. _____ a lot of sweets when you were a child? (comer)
Use “used to” plus a suitable verb to complete these sentences.
1. He _____ online to find the information he wanted. (ir)
He used to go online to find the information he wanted.
2. My sister _____ to school by bus but now she cycles. (ir)
3. I _____ thinner than my brother but now I am not. (ser / estar)
4. My father _____ many cigarettes a day. He gave up smoking last year. (fumar)
5. She _____ night after night for her degree in Economics. (estudiar)
6. They _____ football when they were younger. (jugar)
7. I _____ the world was flat but now I realize it’s not true. (pensar / creer)
8. That building is now a cinema. It _____ a hotel. (ser / estar)
9. When you lived near that shopping centre, _____ you _____ there very often? (pasado de do /+ ir)
10. _____ a lot of sweets when you were a child? (comer)
Used to...
Instructions: Choose the correct answer.
Q1 - I'm not used to ____ up this early.
get
getting
Q2 - I used to ____ a lot.
read
reading
Q3 - You'll have to get used to ____ on the right when you live there.
drive
driving
Q4 - I didn't use to ____ it, but I do now.
like
liking
Q5 - I found it hard to get used to ____ in such a hot country.
live
living
Q6 - Where did you use to ____ when you visited?
stay
staying
Q7 - It took me a while to get used to ____ the language.
speak
speaking
Q8 - I used to ____ hard when I was a student.
work
working
Q9 - Have you got used to ____ it yet?
do
doing
Q10 - I'm not used to ____ so much tea.
drink
drinking
Q1 - I'm not used to ____ up this early.
get
getting
Q2 - I used to ____ a lot.
read
reading
Q3 - You'll have to get used to ____ on the right when you live there.
drive
driving
Q4 - I didn't use to ____ it, but I do now.
like
liking
Q5 - I found it hard to get used to ____ in such a hot country.
live
living
Q6 - Where did you use to ____ when you visited?
stay
staying
Q7 - It took me a while to get used to ____ the language.
speak
speaking
Q8 - I used to ____ hard when I was a student.
work
working
Q9 - Have you got used to ____ it yet?
do
doing
Q10 - I'm not used to ____ so much tea.
drink
drinking
Use to....
Instructions: Choose the correct answer.
Q1 - I like it now, but I ____.
didn't use to / didn't used
Q2 - I find it hard _____ to the dark evenings in winter.
usedget usedto get used
Q3 - It took me a while to get used to ____ on a continental keyboard.
typetyping
Q4 - I _____ to being spoken to like that!
am not useddon't get usedused
Q5 - I ____ play football on Saturdays when I was at school.
was used toused to
Q6 - Before I started cycling, I _____ go to work by bus.
used togot used to
Q7 - I haven't studied for ages and I'm finding it hard to get used to _____ every day.
studystudiedstudying
Q8 - I couldn't _____ used to the food.
becauseget
Q9 - He never _____ behave like that.
usedused to
Q10 - It's taking me a long time to ____ speaking Norwegian.
used toget used to
Q1 - I like it now, but I ____.
didn't use to / didn't used
Q2 - I find it hard _____ to the dark evenings in winter.
usedget usedto get used
Q3 - It took me a while to get used to ____ on a continental keyboard.
typetyping
Q4 - I _____ to being spoken to like that!
am not useddon't get usedused
Q5 - I ____ play football on Saturdays when I was at school.
was used toused to
Q6 - Before I started cycling, I _____ go to work by bus.
used togot used to
Q7 - I haven't studied for ages and I'm finding it hard to get used to _____ every day.
studystudiedstudying
Q8 - I couldn't _____ used to the food.
becauseget
Q9 - He never _____ behave like that.
usedused to
Q10 - It's taking me a long time to ____ speaking Norwegian.
used toget used to
Could you do me a favor?
Conversation: Could You Do Me a Favour?
Caller Activity Sheet
A= Receiver (Roommate at Home)
B=Caller (Roommate at Work)
A: Hello.
B: Hi, Mandy. It’s Jill. I’m still at work.
A: Work? I thought you got off work at 4:00.
B: I was supposed to but I had to meet the boss. Listen. I’m running late. Could you do me a favour?
A: Sure. Anything. What do you need?
B: I’m having some friends over for a BBQ tonight. Could you thaw out some steaks for me?
A: I’ll do that right now. Anything else?
B: Nope. That’s it. Oh. By the way, I’ll be stopping by the store on the way home. Do you need anything?
A: Yeah. Actually, I do. We’re out of bread. Would you mind picking some up from the bakery?
B: No problem. I should be home in an hour. See you soon.
A: Actually, I’ll probably be gone by the time you get here. I’m meeting some friends for coffee.
B: Ok then. See you later tonight. Have fun.
*Fill in the table with the underlined information.
Caller Activity Sheet
You will be given a role card. Call up your roommates to tell them you will be late and request a favour from them. Then Write down their request in the table.
Caller Activity Sheet
A= Receiver (Roommate at Home)
B=Caller (Roommate at Work)
A: Hello.
B: Hi, Mandy. It’s Jill. I’m still at work.
A: Work? I thought you got off work at 4:00.
B: I was supposed to but I had to meet the boss. Listen. I’m running late. Could you do me a favour?
A: Sure. Anything. What do you need?
B: I’m having some friends over for a BBQ tonight. Could you thaw out some steaks for me?
A: I’ll do that right now. Anything else?
B: Nope. That’s it. Oh. By the way, I’ll be stopping by the store on the way home. Do you need anything?
A: Yeah. Actually, I do. We’re out of bread. Would you mind picking some up from the bakery?
B: No problem. I should be home in an hour. See you soon.
A: Actually, I’ll probably be gone by the time you get here. I’m meeting some friends for coffee.
B: Ok then. See you later tonight. Have fun.
*Fill in the table with the underlined information.
Caller Activity Sheet
You will be given a role card. Call up your roommates to tell them you will be late and request a favour from them. Then Write down their request in the table.
Grammar lesson "Could"
'Could' can be used to talk about the past, the present or the future.
'Could' is a past form of 'can'
• When I was living in Boston, I could walk to work.
• He phoned to say he couldn't come.
• I could see him clearly but I couldn't hear him and then the videoconference line went dead.
'Could' is used to make polite requests. We can also use 'can' for these but 'could' is more polite.
• Could you help me, please?
• Could you lend me some money?
• Could I have a lift?
• Could I bother you for a moment?
If we use 'could' in reply to these requests, it suggests that we do not really want to do it. If you agree to the request, it is better to say 'can'
• Of course I can.
• I could help you if it's really necessary but I'm really busy right now.
• I could lend you some money but I'd need it back tomorrow without fail.
• I could give you a lift as far as Birmingham.
'Could' is used to talk about theoretical possibility and is similar in meaning to 'might'.
• It could rain later. Take an umbrella.
• He could be there by now.
• Could he be any happier?
• It could be Sarah's.
'Could' is a past form of 'can'
• When I was living in Boston, I could walk to work.
• He phoned to say he couldn't come.
• I could see him clearly but I couldn't hear him and then the videoconference line went dead.
'Could' is used to make polite requests. We can also use 'can' for these but 'could' is more polite.
• Could you help me, please?
• Could you lend me some money?
• Could I have a lift?
• Could I bother you for a moment?
If we use 'could' in reply to these requests, it suggests that we do not really want to do it. If you agree to the request, it is better to say 'can'
• Of course I can.
• I could help you if it's really necessary but I'm really busy right now.
• I could lend you some money but I'd need it back tomorrow without fail.
• I could give you a lift as far as Birmingham.
'Could' is used to talk about theoretical possibility and is similar in meaning to 'might'.
• It could rain later. Take an umbrella.
• He could be there by now.
• Could he be any happier?
• It could be Sarah's.
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